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Ibn Khaldun, the Philosopher of Ruins
Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406), referred to as the philosopher of ruins, is generally regarded as the greatest intellectual ever to have appeared in the Arab world. He is a genius who ranks as one of the world's great minds. He authored The Muqaddimah, the most important study of history ever produced in the Islamic world. Yet he is not as well known as he should be, and his ideas are widely misunderstood.
In this groundbreaking intellectual biography, Robert Irwin (b. 1946), a British historian, novelist, and essayist, provides an engaging and authoritative account of Ibn Khaldun's extraordinary life, times, writings, and ideas.
Irwin tells how Ibn Khaldun, who lived in a world decimated by the Black Death, held a long series of posts in the tumultuous Islamic courts of North Africa and Muslim Spain, becoming a major political player as well as a teacher and writer. Closely examining The Muqaddimah, a startlingly original analysis of the laws of history, and drawing on many other contemporary sources, Irwin shows how Ibn Khaldun's life and thought fit into the historical and intellectual context, including medieval Islamic theology, philosophy, politics, literature, economics, law, and tribal life. Because Ibn Khaldun's ideas often seem to anticipate by centuries developments in many fields, he has often been depicted as more of a modern man than a medieval one, and Irwin's account of such misreadings provides new insights about the history of Orientalism.
In contrast, Irwin presents an Ibn Khaldun who was a creature of his time―a devout Sufi mystic who was obsessed with the occult and futurology and who lived in an often strange world quite different from our own.
To get Irwin’s book, click here: press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691174662/ibn-khaldun.
#robertirwin #ibnkhaldun #civilization
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КОМЕНТАРІ

  • @KevinVang1000
    @KevinVang1000 3 дні тому

    2:50, King Saul was a tyrant in 1 Samuel 8. God told the Hebrews not to vote for King Saul. They did it because they wanted to be like the world, which is madness. If you say that it is genocide and it's wrong to kill people, should Nazis play the victim card and call the allied nations as genocidal monsters for killing Nazi Germans?

  • @AhmedMushtaq-ux9wu
    @AhmedMushtaq-ux9wu 3 дні тому

    George Sale is o k amongst some Muslims intellectuals

  • @revenger8744
    @revenger8744 4 дні тому

    Abdelkader ibn muhieddine al hassani al jaza'iri was an arab who led arab and berber muslims to war against colonialism and a descendant of hassan ibn ali ibn abi talib through the idrisid dynasty making him also a descendant of fatima bint muhammad peace be upon him 🇩🇿💪

  • @vamosbro
    @vamosbro 8 днів тому

    one of the best

  • @OM123M
    @OM123M 8 днів тому

    Excellent comparison! Loved the way the stories are visually represented. I’d like to add some verses from the Quran to clarify some points that may not have been mentioned by the commentators: God did not interfere until Noah called for God’s help. “So he invoked his Lord, "Indeed, I am overpowered, so help." [Chapter 54 | Verse 10] And Noah asked for God’s help because his people threatened to stone him to death “They said, "If you do not desist, O Noah, you will surely be of those who are stoned." [Chapter 26 | Verse 116] The Quran also mentions that the people were wicked just like the Bible. “And We saved him from the people who denied Our signs. Indeed, they were a people of evil, so We drowned them, all together”. [Chapter 21 | Verse 77]

  • @tolulopeoluwole9485
    @tolulopeoluwole9485 9 днів тому

    It's interesting to consider how Muhammad might have drawn from both canonical and non-canonical Bible texts. He seems to resemble an anti-Trinitarian Christian, influenced by the gnostic Christianity that was suppressed by the Byzantines. He likely saw himself as a prophet with a mission to restore Christianity to a pre-Nicene form, free from the Trinity doctrine and other Roman influences. in the end, he came up with a new religion

  • @muhammedumar8926
    @muhammedumar8926 9 днів тому

    Peace be on those who accept the truth. Chris surely you are one of human who has done which majority of us can't do. You are censrity is what is on those people that was help you in the most dangerous tome of your life. Those censrity we all Muslim Learn are from ONE CREATOR ALLAH through His blessing Massanger MUHAMMED peace be up on Him,and all other Massangers who came before him. I strongly suggest you to read رحيق المختومbook and than Quran ,your all life unanswer quitions will be answered. You will find what is the PURPOSE of our LIFE? Wishing you the success.

  • @robertpierson299
    @robertpierson299 10 днів тому

    I had a Jewish Rabbi cite instances of where the Torah allowing killing. My response was that the only part of the Bible that God personally wrote is the ten commandments and that should supercee the parts of the Bible written by men. While many of the men and women who wrote the Torah or old Testament were divinely inspired some had their own agend.

  • @jamiegrieve5875
    @jamiegrieve5875 11 днів тому

    Do you mean writing from people like John of Damascus

  • @user-oj9xc7ut2d
    @user-oj9xc7ut2d 15 днів тому

    Nuggets of truth in a big lie.

  • @zillinaurainsyed6732
    @zillinaurainsyed6732 16 днів тому

    Nice video of great man of middle time a remarkable person thanks for video

  • @JSwift-jq3wn
    @JSwift-jq3wn 18 днів тому

    All this was explained in detail by Plato. In fact both Christianty and Islam are misconception and misrepresentation of Plato. However, Nietzsche goes so far as to say Socrates and Plato were Jews.

  • @ahmedismail6916
    @ahmedismail6916 18 днів тому

    Emir-St✡️in subtle propaganda, we can see you!

  • @TheSlimbee
    @TheSlimbee 19 днів тому

    I actually knew about this dude !

  • @going2sleep
    @going2sleep 19 днів тому

    He mentioned Quran 9:5 Surah At-Tawbah. He forgot to mention that you have to read the entire context. The section of the chapter is clearly speaking about broken treaties between nations. During current times if you break a treaty it is a dec. of war. 1. A (declaration) of immunity from Allah and His Messenger, to those of the pagans with whom you have contracted mutual alliances: 2. (You) go, then, for four months (backwards and forwards, as you will), throughout the land, but know that you cannot escape (the punishment of) Allah, and that Allah will disgrace the disbelievers (in the Hereafter). 3. And an announcement from Allah and His Messenger, to the people (assembled) on the day of the Great Pilgrimage,- that Allah and His Messenger dissolve (treaty) obligations with the pagans. If, then, you repent, it is better for you; but if you turn away, then know that you cannot frustrate Allah. And proclaim a grievous penalty to those who disbelieve. 4. (But the treaties are) not dissolved with those pagans with whom you have entered into alliance and who have not subsequently failed you in aught, nor aided anyone against you. So fulfill your engagements with them to the end of their term: for Allah loves the righteous. 5. But when the forbidden months are past, then fight and slay the pagans wherever you find them, and seize them, besiege them, and lie in wait for them in every stratagem (of war); but if they repent, and establish regular prayers and practice regular charity, then open the way for them: for Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. 6. If one amongst the pagans asks you for asylum, grant it to him, so that he may hear the word of Allah; and then escort him to where he can be secure. That is because they are men without knowledge. 7. How can there be a league, before Allah and His Messenger, with the pagans, except those with whom you made a treaty near the sacred Mosque? As long as these stand true to you, stand true to them: for Allah loves the righteous. 8. How (can there be such a league), seeing that if they get an advantage over you, they respect not in you the ties either of kinship or of covenant? With (fair words from) their mouths they entice you, but their hearts are averse from you; and most of them are rebellious and wicked. 9. The Signs of Allah have they sold for a miserable price, and (many) have they hindered from His way: evil indeed are the deeds they have done. 10. In a Believer they respect not the ties either of kinship or of covenant! It is they who have transgressed all bounds. 11. But (even so), if they repent, establish regular prayers, and practice regular charity,- they are your brethren in Faith: (thus) do We explain the Signs in detail, for those who understand. 12. But if they violate their oaths after their covenant, and attack your faith,- fight ye the chiefs of unfaith: for their oaths are nothing to them: that thus they may be restrained. 13. Will you not fight people who violated their oaths, plotted to expel the Messenger, and attacked you first? Do you fear them? Nay, it is Allah Whom you should more justly fear, if you believe! (Quran Surah al-Tawbah 9:1-13)

  • @h3egypt
    @h3egypt 20 днів тому

    The military not allowed within the city is reminiscent of the roman pommerium

  • @fahziahameed3612
    @fahziahameed3612 20 днів тому

    That is amazing how forgetful we are??people who must of known inn khalidun and the struggle he found in himself and didn’t want or wish that on them..but he knew it was inevitable ❤

  • @rifrazrabi1816
    @rifrazrabi1816 20 днів тому

    ❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤

  • @kausamsalam8543
    @kausamsalam8543 21 день тому

    Thank you so much for this outstanding presentation without an ounce of braggadocio! May Allah increase your knowledge and blessings from research! Ameen

  • @ShohSlaought-hh6qe
    @ShohSlaought-hh6qe 22 дні тому

    I bet you cannot read this: La ilaha Illa Alloh, Muhammadur rasululloh. Can you read write in comment

  • @mansoormattil1264
    @mansoormattil1264 22 дні тому

    Thanks for the information 👍

  • @thecritiquer9407
    @thecritiquer9407 22 дні тому

    ❤❤❤

  • @eurioshinderu
    @eurioshinderu 23 дні тому

    God has gifted him gift and he utilised it in the best possible way. Knowing this, Israel's time is just around the corner. This is their 3rd/4th generation after Nakba. Other scholar also shared the same view. We must brace ourselves

  • @rahman7942
    @rahman7942 23 дні тому

    "Dune" Original

  • @Khairuldean-vz4mp
    @Khairuldean-vz4mp 23 дні тому

    8b humans is 2b too many Psalm 15 Psalm 22-26 Ezekiel 33:3-9 17 A prophecy against Damascus: “See, Damascus will no longer be a city but will become a heap of ruins. 2 The cities of Aroer will be deserted and left to flocks, which will lie down, with no one to make them afraid. 3 The fortified city will disappear from Ephraim, and royal power from Damascus; the remnant of Aram will be like the glory of the Israelites,” declares the Lord Almighty. 4 “In that day the glory of Jacob will fade; the fat of his body will waste away. 5 It will be as when reapers harvest the standing grain, gathering the grain in their arms- as when someone gleans heads of grain in the Valley of Rephaim. 6 Yet some gleanings will remain, as when an olive tree is beaten, leaving two or three olives on the topmost branches, four or five on the fruitful boughs,” declares the Lord, the God of Israel قَالُوا۟ يَـٰذَا ٱلْقَرْنَيْنِ إِنَّ يَأْجُوجَ وَمَأْجُوجَ مُفْسِدُونَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَهَلْ نَجْعَلُ لَكَ خَرْجًا عَلَىٰٓ أَن تَجْعَلَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ سَدًّۭا ٩٤

  • @user-kj8yl6sn2z
    @user-kj8yl6sn2z 23 дні тому

    Ibn Khaldun's admirers are mostly Europeans and Moroccans, but Arabs are not like that. The most famous researcher of Arabic manuscripts in the Arab world, Dr. Bashar Awad Maarouf, mentioned that Ibn Khaldun is below average in his book of history and has many errors, and his book is a summary of Ibn al-Atheer’s book on history, which is full of errors in its European version, and he is merely a copyist of it , Ibn Khaldun is not comparable to the great scholars such as Al-Tabari, Ibn Al-Jawzi, Al-Dhahabi, Al-Aini, etc. His words are over. I have not heard an Arab say that Ibn Khaldun is the greatest Arab thinker! Why is this such a big claim? We do not claim that, but there are many Arab scholars better than him. In the introduction to Ibn Khaldun, some Arabs discussed his mistakes, criticized them, and corrected them. Such as Ibn Khaldun’s claim that the non-Arabs are the majority of Muslim scholars. This was responded to by the historical historian Dr. Naji, who proved the Arabism of many scholars falsely attributed to non-Arabs who lived in Central Asia, Khorasan, northern Morocco, and elsewhere, by tracing their genealogy and tribes. The title of the book for those looking for it to verify the credibility of Dr. Naji Maarouf’s scientific research: عروبة العلماء المنسوبين إلى البلدان الأعجمية - د.ناجي معروف The investigator, Dr. Naji Marouf, proved that Khaldun was not knowledgeable in genealogy, and many of the Arab scholars who settled in Khorasan, Central Asia, and northern Morocco were attributed to the Persians, even though they were Arabs and their lineage was known. Their lineage was written by Dr. Naji Marouf in several volumes proving their Arab lineage. Then Dr. Bashar Awad Maarouf, the well-known investigator of the Prophet’s hadiths, confirmed this and renewed the copy. The anthropologist Saad Al-Soyan also wrote in a distinguished book criticizing the ideas of Ibn Khaldun’s book Al-Muqaddimah regarding the Arab Bedouins, called the Arabian Desert. Dr. Saad Al-Soyan explains the difference between the “Bedouin” and the “primitive” and the reasons for the wrong stereotypical image of the Bedouin Arabs. Likewise, how did these wrong stereotypes spread? This is the same source of information that Ibn Khaldun obtained, so he also made a mistake. Many academics copy the words of Ibn Khaldun that most Muslim scholars were Persians, and this is one of the disasters that Western academics copied from Ibn Khaldun. Therefore, we see many professors mentioning that Persians are the majority of Muslim scholars, etc. Although the majority of Persians were students of Arab scholars in the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties It is easy to search for the students of the first Muslim philosophers, namely Al-Kindi, and you will find that his students were Persians. If you searched for Arabic and Islamic sciences, the Persians did not learn these sciences without learning from their Arab teachers. Al-Khalil Al-Farahidi, the grammarian, you will find that his students were Persians, including Sibawayh, who copied his words with a number of students in his book. The famous writers and literary scholars such as Al-Mubarrad were Persian students, and the four jurisprudence scholars, three of whom were Arabs, and the fourth did not learn jurisprudence without Arab scholars or from their teachers. Therefore, it is wrong to ignore the source from which the Persians learn Arab, Islamic, and cognitive sciences from the countries that embraced them in Damascus and then Baghdad. If the Arabs were a colonial nation, the Persians or non-Arabs would not have learned, but the Muslim Arabs’ mission was to teach humanity, so servants and slaves were taught like the sons of princes. While in imperial and colonial civilizations, they may not have been able to learn because they had become defeated, and they may only work in agriculture and herding. When some Western academics simply state that Persians are the majority of Muslim scholars, they ignore the source of their learning, and they ignore this fact, and they ignore that Arab scholars were the founders of much of modern science. Perhaps this simple observation makes me hope that an Orientalist will study these ideas to correct many of the errors that were copied from Ibn Khaldun’s ideas in Western societies, not only but even in the far Eastern peoples because they are copying Western books with everything in them.

    • @magatouve
      @magatouve 21 день тому

      Al-Muqaddimah is not a work of historiography (this is Kitab al-Mubtada', of which al-Muqaddimah is an introduction) but a theory of historical change and social structure. This is why it's not comparable with the works of history that you mentioned such al-Tabari's, which didn't present a coherent theory of society and history. This is why al-Muqaddimah is unique and innovative work. It seems that you're so offended by Ibn Khaldun's claim that most Muslim scholars were Persian, and you're taking it as a matter of nationalist pride. Regardless whether this claim is right or wrong, it's not an essential part of Ibn Khaldun's theory and if it's false, it doesn't discredit it. PS. Apparently, you consider Iran and Central Asia to be "more Arab" than Morocco, which is really strange. Most Moroccans are Arabic-speaking and they write in Arabic, so if they consider Ibn Khaldun one of the greatest intellectuals in Arab history, this is not something to dismiss as not Arab. And one more thing: Ibn Khaldun was popular among Ottoman intellectuals (e.g. Katib Celebi, 17th C), so not only in Morocco or Europe (or Tunisia, his birth place) was he popular.

  • @mohamedalihebboul2214
    @mohamedalihebboul2214 23 дні тому

    Thanks a lot for sharing .

  • @adkh5826
    @adkh5826 23 дні тому

    One of the great anthropologists/philosophers. Thanks for the info

  • @kebirnasr-eddine6947
    @kebirnasr-eddine6947 23 дні тому

    Thank you for the summary of the biography of the scholar Ibn Khaldoune, a man who belongs to humanity from which it has greatly benefited, and it is said that he was ahead of his time, and is considered the miracle of his time since he is the founder of a very advanced and complex science which is of course sociology. Thank you again and best wishes from Algeria.

  • @NotesofKhan
    @NotesofKhan 23 дні тому

    What most people do not is that most of Islamic scholars were brilliant scholars. But if we attach new terms such as historian or sociologist then they gain more importance. The addition of new modern terms to scholars of the past increases their value. Sure Ibn Khaldun was genius but so were the rest of Islamic scholars.

    • @muhammadbenjuraij7734
      @muhammadbenjuraij7734 20 днів тому

      They were that way because they mastered the religious and academic sciences like grammar and logic, rhetoric… `the sharia sciences makes a person smart and turns him into a critical thinker and likewise Arabic grammar is also such a science…

  • @Ahmed_Amine
    @Ahmed_Amine 23 дні тому

    Oh boy ! Those maps are quite controversial for Moroccan and Algerian viewers ahah.

  • @This-Is-The-End
    @This-Is-The-End 23 дні тому

    I'm proud to be berber "Amazigh". Ibn Khaldun was a pioneer of sociology.

    • @VrouwenbesnijderHabashi
      @VrouwenbesnijderHabashi 23 дні тому

      Thats nice. How is your Berber identity related to Ibn Khaldun ?

    • @Iamfsaly
      @Iamfsaly 23 дні тому

      Ibn khaldun is not a Berber, According to his own account, he was Arab.

    • @This-Is-The-End
      @This-Is-The-End 23 дні тому

      @@Iamfsaly Sure he was! Who said he wasn't ?

    • @othmanaitmaatallah5816
      @othmanaitmaatallah5816 22 дні тому

      ​​@@This-Is-The-End Ibn khaldun himself did! In all old manuscripts, the author writes his entire name (lineage) from himself to the farther grand parents he is aware of. He traced his lineage to Hadhramaut (the cross section between current Yemen, Oman, and Saudi Arabia)! His family occupied ministry and administration jobs among Yemenite rulers of Andalusia. His family fleed to Tunis escaping political persecution by other contenders to power. That's why he is also called al-Ishbili (The Sevillan). But tribally speaking, he is from Hadhramaut. He is sure an Arab but most of his teachers and dynasties he served were Berbers.

    • @saimbhat6243
      @saimbhat6243 22 дні тому

      It is not the ethnicity that makes a person great, but a person's own efforts, culture and genius. Being of a certain ethnicity doesn't mean anything by itself.

  • @JosephTrump
    @JosephTrump 23 дні тому

    great info

  • @ailediablo79
    @ailediablo79 23 дні тому

    Non of the Quran passages with context and knowledge are worrying. 99% of them is about people that wronged the Muslim and tried to wipe them out despite that it didn't say to do the same. Reading before and after the verse as well as knowing the chapter it is in as well the resone of revlerlation is important to understand any verse in the Quran in near totally. Not to mention yiu can't just use your mind in Islam. 85% of Islam is agreed upon concrete and 15% are in opinion but a specific set of few different opinions that any of them are ok and accepted but to give flexibility. U can track and check the scholarship history to check the understanding of anything in Islam. Most of Islam all aspects are long stopped to be discussed as they completely over analyzed and set in specific frames of understanding. So any way of doing your own opinion is simply rejected. The problem extremist over bord and contradict themselves. There is no compression between the courpted books and Quran in valence. It is like such as for example, comparing early Persia to the Mongolias or WW2. There is no comparison. No Muslim ignor anything in Islam or Quran. Terrorists in Islam don't invoke them, they take them out of context or give unaccpted opinion morphing it to something else by ignorance and politics.

  • @kaistlili4809
    @kaistlili4809 24 дні тому

    3:25 "Esprit de corps" is mispelled. Great video as always, thank you

  • @ahmedomar9034
    @ahmedomar9034 24 дні тому

    Thank you for this informative video.

  • @EuropeanQoheleth
    @EuropeanQoheleth 24 дні тому

    Yes it was. About the only good thing the current court did.

  • @dalidaboumedien5370
    @dalidaboumedien5370 24 дні тому

    عبد القادر الجزايري كان سابق لزمانه كان اسنان قبل ان يكون محارب كان يتبع الدين الاسلامي ويطبقه لاغير .

  • @dalidaboumedien5370
    @dalidaboumedien5370 24 дні тому

    انا جزايرين مولودة في معسكر وجد الامير عبد القادر هو ابن عم جدي الكبير يعني نفس الدم جده هو سيدي قادة وابوه سي محي الدين وهو مدفون في ضريح سيدي قادة وهو من نسب شريف . رحمه الله واسكنه فسيح جناته ورحم الله الشهداء ونعلة الله على فرنسا الاستعمارية

  • @scottpreston28
    @scottpreston28 25 днів тому

    Historically, an estimated 30% of slaves brought to the Americas from West/Central Africa were Muslims on google

  • @rafiullahqazi7731
    @rafiullahqazi7731 25 днів тому

    When Shaitan promised Allah that he would misguide and corrupt Mankind, Allah said if my creation wants forgiveness and repentance, I will forgive them again and again. If you truly regret your sin and want to repent he will forgive you even if you commit an ocean of sins, but that doesn't mean you have to sin and say I will repent later. Allah's love for Mankind is 70 times more than a Mother but with love, he wants to discipline and give a lesson to his creation. This world is a world of tests, we are never meant to find peace here, Allah will test you to see how much you are true to him, and don't let Shaitan take Paradise from you, he tricked our first Mother and Father, don't let him stop you from entering your true home. Humans have free will and are rebellious in nature but Shaitan only whispers to you, adding further fuel to the fire.

  • @Larsbor
    @Larsbor 26 днів тому

    If Islamists cannot take part in religious education in school, I understand they are forbidden to read the bible. But must lesrn the verses of the Quran instead.

  • @Larsbor
    @Larsbor 26 днів тому

    2:20 I dont know your bible but I remember people asking Noah about his project, and some also mocking him… (people had grown wicked..! ) But in contrary to the Quaran I dont remember him being degrading towards people or think of himself as supreme to others. Just following Gods messages. Not demanding people to worship him. And there is no sacrifice for Noah. The punishment in flaming hell forever seems strange when he is flooding the earth.. is he god or Satan?

  • @Larsbor
    @Larsbor 26 днів тому

    So the Jordanians coorperated with Sadam and the radical Islamists even at that time.

  • @AdilParray
    @AdilParray 28 днів тому

    00:55 "but why fight about it" may be the most truest thing anybody ever said in terms of religious differences.

  • @1goal1
    @1goal1 Місяць тому

    God bless you and protect you always Mr. Chris ❤

  • @ABDIRIZAKSUGULLE
    @ABDIRIZAKSUGULLE Місяць тому

    Beautiful ❤❤❤

  • @amiradel9164
    @amiradel9164 Місяць тому

    This is completely ignorant and dump

  • @ksix07
    @ksix07 Місяць тому

    God bless you

  • @killuakenway1436
    @killuakenway1436 Місяць тому

    So its about whom america honors as jihadi not allah ?